The first NSSME was conducted in 1977 as part of a major assessment of science and mathematics education commissioned by the National Science Foundation. The study consisted of a comprehensive review of the literature; case studies of 11 districts throughout the United States; and a national survey of teachers, principals, and district and state personnel. A second survey of teachers and principals was conducted in 1985–86 to identify trends since 1977, a third survey was conducted in 1993, and a fourth in 2000.
Reports of the earlier studies can be found here: Reports from Previous National Surveys